It is not feasible to eradicate all risks within the work place. It is possible, however, to ensure that workers are provided with appropriate protective head wear. Accident figures suggest that a disturbing number of people sustain head injuries while at work. Many of these injuries are avoidable and could be prevented if hard hat safety was observed.
Safety Laws
Employers should have a good understanding of work place safety laws and implement these effectively throughout their organization. A failure to adhere to regulations could result in substantial fines. Death or serious injury arising from negligence may lead to criminal proceedings against employers. Responsible employers accept that they have a duty to safeguard workers.
Head Protection
There are specific circumstances that demand protective hats should be worn. If there is a possibility that objects may fall from above, or that workers could bump into them, then hats must be worn. If there is a risk of electrocution, from overhead cables for example, the appropriate headgear is an absolute necessity.
Options
Different types of helmet are required in different situations. A risk assessment of the work place should inform the choice of headgear. There are two basic types of helmet. The Type I helmet protects the crown of the head. The Type II helmet protects the crown of the head and protects against side impacts. The inclusion of additional features, such as face shields or ear defenders, is appropriate in some instances.
Electrical Currents
Helmets are further classified based upon their ability to protect the wearer from electrical shocks. A Class E, or electrical helmet is proof tested to withstand 20 000 volts. These afford the greatest level of protection against electrocution. A class G, or general helmet, provides more limited protection,but will withstand 2 200 volts. A class C, or conductive helmet, offers no such protection and is not suitable where electrical hazards are present.
Wear and Tear
All helmets are subject to eventual deterioration. It is advisable to replace helmets after five years. If there is any obvious sign of distress to the shell such as scratching, dullness or cracks, the helmet should be considered unsafe. If a helmet is struck by a hard object, it will have to be exchanged for a new one, even if no damage is apparent. If the helmet cannot be secured properly to the head because of damaged suspension, these parts should be replaced.
Care
Workers should not customize hats themselves. Any alterations could impair performance. The use of paints, solvents or harsh chemicals on the shell may result in irreparable damage and should be avoided. Extreme heat and excessive exposure to sunlight will shorten the life of the helmet. Chinstraps should never be forced back over the brim. Wearing hats back to front is not advisable and will render them ineffective.
All staff and workers should receive appropriate training in hard hat safety. They should know how to inspect hats for possible damage and understand their correct usage. Safe working practices minimizes the incidence of accidents and lessen the impact when they do occur. Both employers and employees benefit from a safe working environment and safety clothing.